References
List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures:
1. Oermann, M. & Huber, D.(1999). Patient outcomes: a measure of nursing=s value. American Journal of Nursing, 99(9), 40-46. 2. Donaldson, N.E., Brown, D.S. & Aydin, B. (Feb.2001). Nurse staffing in California hospitals 1998-2000: findings from the California Nursing Outcomes Coalition Database Project, Policy Polit Nurs Pract,2 (1): 19-28. 3. Moorhead, S., Head, B., Johnson, M. & Maas, M. (1998). The nursing outcomes taxonomy: development and coding. J Nurs Care Qual 12 (6): 56-63. 4. Micek, W., Berry, L.,Gilski, D., Kallenbach, A., et al. (1998). Patient outcomes: the link between nursing diagnosis and interventions. JONA, 26 (11): 29-35. 5. Nightingale, F. (1858). Notes on matters affecting the health, efficiency, and hospital administration of the British army. London: Harrison and Sons. 6. Donabedian, A. (1988). Quality assessment and assurance: unity of purpose, diversity of means. Inquiry, 25, 173-192. 7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002). 8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
2. Donaldson, N.E., Brown, D.S. & Aydin, B. (Feb.2001). Nurse staffing in California hospitals 1998-2000: findings from the California Nursing Outcomes Coalition Database Project, Policy Polit Nurs Pract,2 (1): 19-28. 3. Moorhead, S., Head, B., Johnson, M. & Maas, M. (1998). The nursing outcomes taxonomy: development and coding. J Nurs Care Qual 12 (6): 56-63. 4. Micek, W., Berry, L.,Gilski, D., Kallenbach, A., et al. (1998). Patient outcomes: the link between nursing diagnosis and interventions. JONA, 26 (11): 29-35. 5. Nightingale, F. (1858). Notes on matters affecting the health, efficiency, and hospital administration of the British army. London: Harrison and Sons. 6. Donabedian, A. (1988). Quality assessment and assurance: unity of purpose, diversity of means. Inquiry, 25, 173-192. 7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002). 8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
3. Moorhead, S., Head, B., Johnson, M. & Maas, M. (1998). The nursing outcomes taxonomy: development and coding. J Nurs Care Qual 12 (6): 56-63. 4. Micek, W., Berry, L.,Gilski, D., Kallenbach, A., et al. (1998). Patient outcomes: the link between nursing diagnosis and interventions. JONA, 26 (11): 29-35. 5. Nightingale, F. (1858). Notes on matters affecting the health, efficiency, and hospital administration of the British army. London: Harrison and Sons. 6. Donabedian, A. (1988). Quality assessment and assurance: unity of purpose, diversity of means. Inquiry, 25, 173-192. 7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002). 8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
4. Micek, W., Berry, L.,Gilski, D., Kallenbach, A., et al. (1998). Patient outcomes: the link between nursing diagnosis and interventions. JONA, 26 (11): 29-35. 5. Nightingale, F. (1858). Notes on matters affecting the health, efficiency, and hospital administration of the British army. London: Harrison and Sons. 6. Donabedian, A. (1988). Quality assessment and assurance: unity of purpose, diversity of means. Inquiry, 25, 173-192. 7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002). 8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
5. Nightingale, F. (1858). Notes on matters affecting the health, efficiency, and hospital administration of the British army. London: Harrison and Sons. 6. Donabedian, A. (1988). Quality assessment and assurance: unity of purpose, diversity of means. Inquiry, 25, 173-192. 7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002). 8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
6. Donabedian, A. (1988). Quality assessment and assurance: unity of purpose, diversity of means. Inquiry, 25, 173-192. 7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002). 8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. ORYX: the next evolution in accreditation. Available from: www.jcaho.org/pms/ (Accessed April 28, 2002).
8. McCormick, K. (1998). New tools-new models to integrate outcomes into quality measurement. Seminars for Nurse Managers, 6 (3): 119-125. 9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
9. Duffy, J.R. (Mar 2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clin Nurse Spec,16 (2):70-8. 10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39. 11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222. 12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
10. Hilton, B.A., Budgen, C., Molzahn, A.E. & Attridge, C.B. (Sept-Oct. 2001). Developing and testing instruments to measure client outcomes at the Comox Valley Nursing Center. Public Health Nurs, 18 (5): 327-39.
11. Kaufman, M.W. (June 2001). The WOC nurse: economic, quality of life, and legal benefits...reprinted with permission from Nursing Economics 18(6), 298-303. Dermatol Nurs (June 2001),13(3): 215-9, 222.
12. Santy, J. (Feb. 2001). An investigation of the reality of nursing work with orthopaedic patients. J Orthop Nurs, 5 (1):22-9. 13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43. 14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
13. Allen, G. (May 2000). Maximizing nurse's advocacy role to improve patient outcomes. AORN J, 71 (5): 1038-43.
14. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
15. Lohr, K.N. (1988). Outcomes measures: concepts and questions. Inquiry, 25 (1), 37-50. 16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
16. Irvine, D.M., Sidani, S. & McGillis, Hall L. (1998). Linking outcomes to nurse's roles in health care. Nursing Economics, 16 (21), 58-64. 17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
17. Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: blending dual paradigms. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1), 77-88. 18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
18. Donabedian, A. (1966). Evaluating the quality of medical care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(part2), 166-206. 19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
19. American Nurses Association. (1995). Nursing care report card for acute care. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association. 20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
20. US Dept. of Health and Human Services. (1991).Aging America: Trends and projections. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services. 21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
21. Dunbar, S.B., & Dracup, K. (1996). Agency for health care policy and research: clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 10:78-81. 22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
22. Aday, L.A., Begley, C.E., Lairson, D.R., & Slater, C.H. (1993). Evaluating the medical system: effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administration Press. 23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
23. Knaus, W., Draper, E.,& Wagner, D. (1985). APACHEII: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Car Med.13:818-829. 24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
24. Horn, S.,& Horn, R. (1986). The computerized severity index: a new tool for case-mix management. J Med Syst, 10: 73-78. 25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
25. Brewster, A.C., Karlin, B.G., Hyde, L.A., Jacobs, C.M., Bradbury, R.C.& Chae, C.M. (1985). MEDIGRPS: a clinically based approach to classifying the hospital patients at admission. Inquiry; 22:377-387. 26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
26. Sherwood, G., Thomas, E., Bennett, D.S., & Lewis, P. (Dec 2002). A teamwork model to promote patient safety in critical care. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 14 (4): 333-40. 27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
27. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J.H. (Oct 23-30 2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. JAMA, 288 (16): 1987-93. 28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
28. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M.,& Zelevinsky, K. (May 30, 2002). Nurse-staffing levels and quality of care in hospitals. N EnglJ Med, 346(22): 1715-22. 29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
29. McCormick, K., Cummings, M. & Kovner, C.(1997). The role of the agency for health care policy and research in improving outcomes of care, Nursing Clinics of North America 32 (3): 521-543. 30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
30. Better quality can cost less. Interim Report of the National Advisory Council. Rockville, MD, US, DHHS, PHS, AHCPR, Publication no. 95-R011. 31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators. List of Useful Web Sites for More Information on Quality/Outcome Measures: www.indmedica.com/hospad/hindex1.cfm?haid=73 (J Acad Hosp Adm article) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.rand.org (Rand health abstracts, bibliography) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.ahqa.org/pub/media/159_678_3276.CFM (American Health Quality Association website)(Accessed April 28, 2002). www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/pubs/porcontents.htm (Ninr website that has historical overview of papers presented related to patient outcomes research) (Accessed April 28, 2002). www.mriresearch.org/Markets/Health/Health_Serv/nursing.htm (Midwest research institute gives information about the ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) (Accessed April 28, 2002). Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
31. American Nurses Association. (1996). Nursing quality indicators: definitions and implications. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing adapted from: Duffy, J. & Korniewicz, D.(2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indicators.
Previous: Defining and Measuring Nursing Outcomes Next: Take The Test
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