American Nurses Association. (1980).Nursing: A social policy statement. Washington, DC: Author.

American Nurses Association. (1973). Standards of nursing practice. Washington, DC: Author.

Avant, K. (1997). Report of the Taxonomy committee. In M. R. Rantz & P. LeMone. (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the twelfth conference. Glendale, CA: Cinahi Information Systems, 472-473.

Aydelotte, M.K. and Peterson, K.H.(1987). Nursing taxonomies: State of the art. In A. McLane (Ed.). Classification of nursing diagnoses; Proceedings of the seventh conference. St. Louis: Mosby. 1-16.

Aydelotte, M. K. (1962).The use of patient welfare as a criterion measure. Nursing Research, 11:10-14.

Bailey, K.D. (1994). Typologies and taxonomies: An introduction to classification techniques. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication.

Bulechek G. & McCloskey J. (1985). Nursing interventions: Treatments for nursing diagnoses. Philadelphia: Saunders.

Bulechek G. & McCloskey J. (1992). Nursing interventions: Essential nursing treatments. Philadelphia: Saunders.

Canadian Nurses Association. (1993). Policy statement. Health information: Nursing components. Ottawa: Author.

Carpinito, L. (1995) Nursing care plans and documentation. (2nd Ed.) Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott.

Clark, J. & Lang, N. (1992). Nursing's next advance: An international classification for nursing practice. International Nursing Review, 38(4): 109-112.

Craft-Rosenberg, M. & Delaney, C. (1997). Nursing diagnosis extension and classification (NDEC). In M. R. Rantz & P. LeMone. (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the twelfth conference. Glendale, CA: Cinahi Information Systems. 26-31.

Daly, J.M. (1993). NIC interventions linked to NANDA diagnoses. St. Louis: Mosby.

Eakes, G., Burke. M., and Hainsworth, M. (1998). Middle range theory of chronic sorrow. Image, 30(2): 179~184.

Fitzpatrick, J. J. (1991) Taxonomy II: Definitions and development-Table I: Definitions of human response. Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the ninth conference, p. 25.

Gordon, M. (1980). Determining study topics. Nursing Research, 29(2): 83-87.

Gordon, M. (1990). Toward theory-based diagnostic categories. Nursing Diagnosis, 1(1): 3-9.

Gordon, M. (1994). Nursing diagnosis: Process and application. St. Louis: Mosby.

Gordon, M. (1998). President's reflections. Nursing Diagnosis, (Supplement 2), 9:5-6.

Halloran E. &Halloran D.C. (1985) Exploring the DRG/nursing equation. American Journal of Nursing. 85(10):1093-1095.

Halloran, E. (1985). RN Staffing: More careless cost. Nurse Manager, 14:18-20.

Heater, B. S., Becker, A. M., and Olson, R. K. (1988). Nursing interventions and patient outcomes: A meta-analysis of studies. Nursing Research, 37: 303-307.

Henderson, V. (1966). The nature of nursing. New York: Macmillan.

Horn, B. & Swain, M. (1977) Development of criterion measures of nursing care. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Department of Hospital Administration.

Hoskins, L. (1997). Linking nursing diagnoses across the NANDA, Home Health Care and Omaha classification systems. (pp.8-12). In M. R. Rantz & P. LeMone. (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the twelfth conference. Glendale, CA: Cinahl Information Systems. 26-31.

Hover, J and Zimmer, M. (1978). Nursing quality assurance: The Wisconsin system. Nursing Outlook, 26: 242-248.

International Council of Nurses. (1993). Nursing's next advance: An international classification for nursing practice (ICNP): A working paper. Geneva: Author.

International Council of Nurses. (1996). The international classification for nursing practice: A unifying framework. Geneva: Author.

Japan Academy of Nursing Science. (1997). Panel Discussion. In Japan Academy of Nursing Science. Nursing: Beyond Art and Science (Annotated Edition). Akashi Hyogo: Author. 91-99.

Johnson, M. and Maas, M. (1997a). Nursing outcomes classification (NOC). St. Louis: Mosby.

Johnson, M. and Maas, M. (1998). Nursing outcomes classification (NOC) taxonomic structure. University of Iowa: Center for Nursing Classification.

Kerr, M. (1991). Validation of taxonomy. In R. Carroll-Johnson.(Ed.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the ninth conference. Philadelphia: Lippincott. 6-13.

Kim, M.J. (1984). Physiologic nursing diagnoses: Its role and place in nursing taxonomy. In M. J. Kim, G. McFarland, & A. McLane (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the fifth conference. St. Louis: Mosby. 60-62.

Kritek, P. B. (1986). Development of a taxonomic structure for nursing diagnosis: A review and an update. In M. Hurley. (ed.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the sixth conference. St. Louis: Mosby. 23-38.

Kritek, P. B. (1989). An introduction to the science and art of taxonomy. In American Nurses Association. (Ed.). Classification systems for describing nursing practice: Working Papers. Kansas City, KS: Author. 6-12.

Larson, E, Dear, M., Keitkemper, M. (1991). Comparison of two schema for classifying nursing research. Image. 23(4): 167-170.

Loomis, M.E. (1987). Development of a classification system for psychiatric-mental health nursing. Individual response class. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 1:16-19.

Lunney, M. (1984). A framework to analyze a taxonomy of nursing diagnoses. In M. J. Kim, G. McFarland, & A. McLane (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the fifth conference. St. Louis: Mosby. 407-409.

Lunney, M., Cavendish, R., Luise, B.K., Richardson, K. (1997). Relevance of NANDA diagnoses and wellness diagnoses to school nursing. In M. R. Rantz & P. LeMone. (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the twelfth conference. Glendale, CA: Cinahl Information Systems.173.

Maas, M. & Buckwalter, K. C. (1991). Nursing diagnoses and interventions for the elderly. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley.

Martin, K. & Sheet, N. (1992). The Omaha System: Applications for community health nursing. Philadelphia: Saunders.

McCloskey, J. & Bulecheck, G. (1992). Nursing intervention classification (NIC). St. Louis: Mosby.

McCloskey, J. & Bulecheck, G. (1996). Nursing intervention classification (NIC). (2nd ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.

McCourt, A. Syndromes in nursing: A continuing concern. In R. Carroll-Johnson. (Ed.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the ninth conference. Philadelphia: Lippincott. 79-82.

Mehmert, P. and Delaney, C. (1991). Validating impaired physical mobility. Nursing Diagnosis, 2:143.

Mortensen, R. (1996).(Ed.). The international classification for nursing practice (ICNP) with telenurse introduction. Copenhagen: The Danish Institute for Health and Nursing Research.

Murdock, G.P. (1980) Theories of illness: A world survey. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. 8-20.

Nightingale, F. (1859). Notes on nursing: What it is and what it is not. London: Harrison & Sons.

Nielsen, G. H. (1995).Diagnostic labels in nursing and their semantics. R.A Mortensen. (Ed.). Creating a European Platform: Proceedings of the first European conference on nursing diagnosis. Copenhagen: The Danish Institute for Health and Nursing Research.

Norris, C. M. (1982). (Ed.). Concept clarification in nursing. Rockville, MD: Aspen Sytems.

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, 1997-1998. (1997). NANDA nursing diagnoses: Definitions and classification. Philadelphia: Author.

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, 1998-2000. (In Press). NANDA nursing diagnoses: Definitions and classification. Philadelphia: Author.

Pender, N.J. (1989). Languaging a health perspective for NANDA Taxonomy on research and theory. In R.M. Carroll-Johnson. (pp. 31-36). (Ed.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the eighth conference. Philadelphia: Lippincott.

Popkess, S. A. (1981) Diagnosing your patient's strengths. Nursing 81, 11(7): 34- 37.

Rantz, M. and Miller, T.V. (1987a) Change theory: a framework for implementing nursing diagnosis in a long-term care setting. Nursing Clinics of North America. 22(4):887-897.

Rantz, M. and Miller, T. (1987b) How diagnoses are changing in long-term care. American Journal of Nursing, 87:360-362.

Rehabilitation Nursing Foundation. (1995). Twenty-one rehabilitation nursing diagnoses: A guide to interventions and outcomes. Glenview, IL: Author

Richmond, M. (1917). Social diagnosis. New York: Russell Sage.

Rosch, E. and Lloyd, B. (eds) (1990). Cognition and categorization. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Roy, C. (1982a). Theoretical framework for classification of nursing diagnoses, 1978. (pp.215-220). In M.J. Kim &D.A. Moritz (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the third and fourth conferences. New York: McGraw- Hill.

Roy, C. (1982b) Historical perspective of the theoretical framework for the classification of nursing diagnosis, 1980. (pp. 235-246). In M.J. Kim & D.A. Moritz (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the third and fourth conferences. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Saba, V. (1992). Classification of home health care nursing. Caring, 11(5):58-60.

Shoemaker, J. (1984). Essential features of a nursing diagnosis. (p.104) In M. J. Kim, G. McFarland, & A. McLane Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the fifth conference. St. Louis: Mosby.

Simmons, D. A. (1980). Classification scheme for client problems in community health nursing. Rockville, MD: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Sneath, P.H.A. & Sokal, R.R. (1973). Numerical taxonomy. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, p.3.

Snyder, M. (1992). Independent nursing interventions (2nd Ed.). Albany, NY: Delmar.

Snyder, M., Egan, E., & Nojima, Y. (1996). Defining nursing interventions. Image, 28 (2): 137-141.

Tripp-Reimer, T., Woodworth, G., McCloskey,J. C., Bulechek, G. (1996). The dimensional structure of nursing interventions. Nursing Research, 45: 10-17.

Van der Bruggen, H.J.M. & Groen, J. M. (1996). Towards a univocal definition and classification of patient outcome: Interim report of a Delphi survey. Maastricht, The Netherlands: Maastricht University, Faculty of Health Sciences.

Van Mechelen, I., Hampton, J., Michalski, R.S., and Theuns, P. (eds) (1993). Categories and concepts. Boston: Academic Press.

Warren, J. (1997). Developing the unified nursing language system: The American Nurses Association perspective. In M. Rantz & P. LeMone. (Eds.).Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the twelfth conference. Glendale, CA: Cinahi Information Systems.3-7.

Warren, J., Delaney, C., & Ryan, P. (1997). Health care reform in an electronic world: Information systems and the computerized patient record. (pp. 385-399). In M. Rantz & P. LeMone. (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the twelfth conference. Glendale, CA: Cinahl Information Systems. 3-7.

Webster, G. (1984). Nomenclature and classification system development. In M. J. Kim, G. McFarland, & A. McLane (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the fifth conference. St. Louis: Mosby. 14-25.

Webster, G. (1994). Nomenclature and classification systems: 10 Years Later. In R. M. Carroll-Johnson & M. Paquette. (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the tenth conference. Philadelphia: Lippincott. 63-69.

Werley, H. & Lang, N. (1987). Nursing minimum data set. New York: Springer.

Zernott, M.M. (1982). International classification of diseases: Initiation, revision, and consolidation. In M.J. Kim & D.A. Moritz (Eds.). Classification of nursing diagnoses: Proceedings of the third and fourth conferences. New York: McGraw-Hill. 69-76.

Part Two: "The International Classification For Nursing Practice Project"
by June Clark, DBE, PhD, RN, RHV, FRCN

Abdella, F.G., Beland, I.L., & Martin, A. (1959). Patient centered approaches to nursing. New York: Macmillan.

American Nurses Association (1995). Nursing data system: The emerging framework. Washington D.C.: ANA.

Casey, A. (1995) Standard Terminology for Nursing: Results of the nursing, midwifery and health visiting terms project. Health Information 1(2), 41-43.

Chelsea &Westminster NHS Healthcare Trust (1997) Nursing Diagnosies 1997. London. Chelsea & Westminster NHS Healthcare Trust.

Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (1998). Manual of nursing diagnoses. London.

Goossen, W.T.F.; Epping, P.J.M.M.; Feuth, T.; Dassen, T.W.N.; Hasman, A.; Van den Heuvel, W.J.A. (1998). A Comparison of Nursing Minimal Data Sets. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 5, 2, 152-163.

Grobe, S.J. (1992). Nursing lexicon and taxonomy: Preliminary categorization. In K.C Lun et al (Eds). Med-Info 92: Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Information. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Hampton Robb, I. (1909). Report of the third regular meeting of the International Council of Nurses. Geneva. ICN.

Harmer, B. (1926). Methods and principles of teaching the principles and practice of nursing. New York: Macmillan.

Hoy, D. (1995). Making nursing visible: Report of a feasibility study of nursing classification. Loughborough. NHS Centre for Coding and Classification.

International Council of Nurses (1996). The international classification for nursing practice: A unifying framework: The alpha version. Geneva: ICN.

Iowa Intervention Project (1997). Proposal to bring nursing into the information age. Image 29(3), 275-281.

Lindberg, D.A., Humphreys, B.L., & McCray, A.T. (1993). The unified medical language system. Methods of Information in Medicine 32, 281-291.

Martin, K.S., & Scheet, N.J. (1992). The Omaha System: Application for community health nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott.

McCloskey, J.C., & Bulechek, G..M. (1992). Nursing interventions classification (1st Ed). St Louis. Mosley Year Book Inc.

Meerabeau, L., Casey, A., & Old, S. (1997). Language for research and practice: The English experience. Paper presented at Nursing Informatics 1997, Stockholm, September 1997.

National Center for Nursing Research (1993). Nursing informatics: Enhancing patient care. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health.

NANDA (1994). Nursing diagnoses : Definitions and classification. Philadelphia. NANDA Saba UK (1992). Diagnoses and Interventions. Caring 11 (3), 50-57.

Sermeus, W. & Delesie, L (1994). The registration of a nursing minimum data set in Belgium: Six years of experience. In Grobe S.J and Playter-Wenting ESP (Eds). Nursing information and international overview for nursing in a technological era. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Wake, M., Murphy, M., Affara, F., Clark, J., and Martensen, R. (1993). Toward an international classification for nursing practice: A pilot literature review and survey. International nursing review 40 (3), 77-80.

Werley, H.H., & Lang, N. (Eds) (1988). Identification of the Nursing Minimum Data Set. New York: Springer.

World Health Organization (1992). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. Tenth Revision. Geneva: WHO.

World Health Organization (1998). Towards a common language for functioning and disablement. ICLDH-2. Geneva: WHO.